Optical nonreciprocal devices for silicon photonics using wafer-bonded magneto-optical garnet materials

Author(s)
T. Mizumoto, R. Baets, and J. E. Bowers
Publication Image
Measured fiber-to-fiber transverse magnetic-mode transmittance of the Mach–Zehnder interferometer silicon waveguide optical isolator fabricated by directly bonding a Ce-doped yttrium iron garnet (CeYIG) cladding layer.
Publication Date
Publication Type
Journal
Journal/Conference Name
MRS Bullentin
Indexing
Vol 43, No 6, 419-424

Optical isolators and circulators are important elements in many photonic systems. These nonreciprocal devices are typically made of bulk optical components and are difficult to integrate with other elements of photonic integrated circuits. This article discusses the best performance for waveguide isolators and circulators achieved with heterogeneous bonding. By virtue of the bonding technology, the devices can make use of a large magneto-optical effect provided by a high-quality single-crystalline garnet grown in a separate process on a lattice-matched substrate. In a silicon-on-insulator waveguide, the low refractive index of the buried oxide layer contributes to the large penetration of the optical field into a magneto-optical garnet used as an upper-cladding layer. This enhances the magneto-optical phase shift and contributes greatly to reducing the device footprint and the optical loss. Several versions of silicon waveguide optical isolators and circulators, both based on the magneto-optical phase shift, are demonstrated with an optical isolation ratio of ≥30 dB in a wavelength band of 1550 nm. Furthermore, the isolation wavelength can be effectively tuned over several tens of nanometers.

Publication File
Research Areas
Silicon Photonics